resumo: Este estudo envolveu a análise de várias areias naturais para verificar as possíveis causas de manifestações patológicas pela ASR. As análises foram realizadas utilizando as seguintes técnicas: difratometria de raios X, testes acelerados de barra de argamassa (AMBT), a difração de elétrons retroespalhados e as análises químicas elementares, por FEG-SEM / EBSD / EDS. Esses experimentos permitiram identificar a presença de vários compósitos minerais (como microclina, anortita, entre outros), bem como os planos microestruturais-cristalográficos de quartzo (como o tipo Dauphiné). Dos resultados se pode inferir que as múltiplas técnicas utilizadas, especialmente a FEG-SEM/EBSD, mostraram ser promissoras na análise da reatividade potencial de areais para uso em argamassas e concretos de cimento Portland.

abstract: This study involved analyzing several natural sands to ascertain the possible causes for distress due to ASR. The analyses were performed using the following techniques: X-ray diffractometry, accelerated mortar bar tests (AMBT), electron backscattering diffraction and elementary chemistry analyses, by FEG-SEM/EBSD/EDS. These experiments allowed identifying the presence of several mineral composites (such as microcline, anorthite, among others), as well as the microstructural-crystallographic planes of quartz (such as the Dauphiné type). From the results it could be inferred that the multiple techniques used, especially the FEG-SEM / EBSD, proved to be promising in the analysis of the ASR potential of sands for use in Portland cement mortars and concretes.

Aiming to better understand the effects of heat treatment parameters on Ferrite-Austenite phase transformation in a 2304 duplex stainless steel different thermal cycles were applied to this steel in a quenching dilatometer. The obtained microstructures were characterized by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction. It was noticed that the austenite formation mechanism is strongly dependent on initial ferritized state. If the initial structure is completely ferritized, the nitrogen supersaturated solid solution leads to chromium nitrides precipitation and the rate of austenite nucleation decreases. For higher cooling rates, the ferrite grain boundaries control the austenite nucleation rate. The higher the ferrite grain size, the lower the final austenite fraction. If the steel is cooled from a partial ferritized state, the ferrite-austenite phase boundaries work as austenite nucleation site and the austenite growth rate is favored due to the high interfacial energy and the austenitic structures becomes coarser.

Abstract In iron ore pelletizing plants a range of process parameters such as particle size distribution, specific surface area, and moisture, must be controlled to achieve optimized operation conditions. Particle size distribution and specific surface area are controlled during the grinding operations. Moisture, however, is controlled during filtration of the ground products. This work investigates the relationship between particle morphology, filter cake moisture and filter capacity. The samples were taken during the filtration tests and referred to three different blends presenting distinct mineralogical features and similar chemical compositions in order to investigate the effects of only the hematite surface characteristics. Six types of morphology are distinguished: granular hematite, tabular hematite, martitic hematite, polycrystalline hematite, hematite-goethite aggregates and goethite. For each filtration test, the filter cloth product was characterised. The characterisation analysis revealed that blends containing martitic hematite concentration above 11.45 percent increased substantially the filter capacity. However, it had also caused an increasing in final moisture content that reached values around 10.0 % compared with industrial moisture specification that can vary on the range of 8.5 to 9.5 %.

O estudo da mineralogia, macro e microestruturas e anisotropia da susceptibilidade magnética do minério de hematita compacta da Mina do Tamanduá permitiu a identificação de três domínios litoestruturais. A investigação foi baseada em trabalhos de campo, amostragem (in situ e testemunhos de furo de sonda) e estudo de seções polidas por microscópio óptico. Foram selecionadas amostras de minério para estudo em microscópio eletrônico de varredura e para a medida da anisotropia da susceptibilidade magnética. O conhecimento das fácies do minério é de grande importância para a otimização dos trabalhos de lavra.

The study of the mineralogy, macro and microstructures and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of hard hematite ore type of the Tamanduá Mine enabled to identify three litostructural domains. The investigation was based on fieldwork, sampling (in situ and boreholes) and on the study of polished sections using optic microscope. Ore samples were examined by electronic microscopy and selected specimens were prepared for measuring the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility. The knowledge of the ore facies domains is of great importance for optimization of the mining works.